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	<title>Ext over A</title>
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	<description>Blogging the cohomology of the Steenrod algebra</description>
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		<title>Bousfield lattices and derived categories</title>
		<link>http://steenrod.wordpress.com/2007/12/12/bousfield-lattices-and-derived-categories/</link>
		<comments>http://steenrod.wordpress.com/2007/12/12/bousfield-lattices-and-derived-categories/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Dec 2007 18:46:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>John Palmieri</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bousfield classes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[commutative algebra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stable homotopy theory]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Let R be a commutative ring, and look at its unbounded derived category from the viewpoint of stable homotopy theory. In particular, we can define its Bousfield lattice: first, two objects X and Y are Bousfield equivalent if . This defines an equivalence relation on the objects of ; the equivalence class of an object [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=steenrod.wordpress.com&amp;blog=1170511&amp;post=5&amp;subd=steenrod&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Let <em>R</em> be a commutative ring, and look at its unbounded derived category <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cmathsf%7BD%7D%28R%29&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;mathsf{D}(R)' title='&#92;mathsf{D}(R)' class='latex' /> from the viewpoint of stable homotopy theory.  In particular, we can define its <em>Bousfield lattice</em>: first, two objects <em>X</em> and <em>Y</em> are <em>Bousfield equivalent</em> if <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X+%5Cunderset%7BR%7D%7B%5Coverset%7BL%7D%7B%5Cotimes%7D%7D+Z+%3D+0+%5CLeftrightarrow+Y+%5Cunderset%7BR%7D%7B%5Coverset%7BL%7D%7B%5Cotimes%7D%7D+Z+%3D+0&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='X &#92;underset{R}{&#92;overset{L}{&#92;otimes}} Z = 0 &#92;Leftrightarrow Y &#92;underset{R}{&#92;overset{L}{&#92;otimes}} Z = 0' title='X &#92;underset{R}{&#92;overset{L}{&#92;otimes}} Z = 0 &#92;Leftrightarrow Y &#92;underset{R}{&#92;overset{L}{&#92;otimes}} Z = 0' class='latex' />.  This defines an equivalence relation on the objects of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cmathsf%7BD%7D%28R%29&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;mathsf{D}(R)' title='&#92;mathsf{D}(R)' class='latex' />; the equivalence class of an object <em>X</em> is called its <em>Bousfield class</em> and is written <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Clangle+X+%5Crangle&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;langle X &#92;rangle' title='&#92;langle X &#92;rangle' class='latex' />. We can define a partial ordering on these Bousfield classes, by setting <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Clangle+X+%5Crangle+%5Cgeq+%5Clangle+Y+%5Crangle&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;langle X &#92;rangle &#92;geq &#92;langle Y &#92;rangle' title='&#92;langle X &#92;rangle &#92;geq &#92;langle Y &#92;rangle' class='latex' /> if and only if <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X+%5Cunderset%7BR%7D%7B%5Coverset%7BL%7D%7B%5Cotimes%7D%7D+Z+%3D+0+%5CRightarrow+Y+%5Cunderset%7BR%7D%7B%5Coverset%7BL%7D%7B%5Cotimes%7D%7D+Z+%3D+0&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='X &#92;underset{R}{&#92;overset{L}{&#92;otimes}} Z = 0 &#92;Rightarrow Y &#92;underset{R}{&#92;overset{L}{&#92;otimes}} Z = 0' title='X &#92;underset{R}{&#92;overset{L}{&#92;otimes}} Z = 0 &#92;Rightarrow Y &#92;underset{R}{&#92;overset{L}{&#92;otimes}} Z = 0' class='latex' />.  (Therefore, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Clangle+R+%5Crangle&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;langle R &#92;rangle' title='&#92;langle R &#92;rangle' class='latex' /> is the largest equivalence class and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Clangle+0+%5Crangle&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;langle 0 &#92;rangle' title='&#92;langle 0 &#92;rangle' class='latex' /> is the smallest.) The Bousfield lattice <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cmathbf%7BB%7D%3D%5Cmathbf%7BB%7D%28%5Cmathsf%7BD%7D%28R%29%29&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;mathbf{B}=&#92;mathbf{B}(&#92;mathsf{D}(R))' title='&#92;mathbf{B}=&#92;mathbf{B}(&#92;mathsf{D}(R))' class='latex' /> is the resulting partially ordered &#8220;set&#8221;.</p>
<p><strong>Question 1</strong>. Is the Bousfield lattice a set?</p>
<p>It is known to be a set if the ring <em>R</em> is countable or noetherian, but not in general.</p>
<p><strong>Question 2</strong>. Is every object in <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cmathsf%7BD%7D%28R%29&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;mathsf{D}(R)' title='&#92;mathsf{D}(R)' class='latex' /> Bousfield equivalent to a module?</p>
<p>This is known in the noetherian case.  Indeed, the noetherian case is pretty well understood, by work of Amnon Neeman: if <em>R</em> is noetherian, then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cmathbf%7BB%7D%28%5Cmathsf%7BD%7D%28R%29%29&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;mathbf{B}(&#92;mathsf{D}(R))' title='&#92;mathbf{B}(&#92;mathsf{D}(R))' class='latex' /> is isomorphic to the lattice of subsets of Spec(<em>R</em>).  For any prime ideal <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cmathfrak%7Bp%7D&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;mathfrak{p}' title='&#92;mathfrak{p}' class='latex' /> in <em>R</em>, define an <em>R</em>-module <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=k%28%5Cmathfrak%7Bp%7D%29&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='k(&#92;mathfrak{p})' title='k(&#92;mathfrak{p})' class='latex' /> to be <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28R%2F%5Cmathfrak%7Bp%7D%29_%7B%5Cmathfrak%7Bp%7D%7D&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='(R/&#92;mathfrak{p})_{&#92;mathfrak{p}}' title='(R/&#92;mathfrak{p})_{&#92;mathfrak{p}}' class='latex' />; then any object <em>X</em> in the derived category is Bousfield equivalent to <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdisplaystyle+%5Cbigoplus_%7B%5Cmathfrak%7Bp%7D%7D+k%28%5Cmathfrak%7Bp%7D%29+%5Cunderset%7BR%7D%7B%5Coverset%7BL%7D%7B%5Cotimes%7D%7D+X&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;displaystyle &#92;bigoplus_{&#92;mathfrak{p}} k(&#92;mathfrak{p}) &#92;underset{R}{&#92;overset{L}{&#92;otimes}} X' title='&#92;displaystyle &#92;bigoplus_{&#92;mathfrak{p}} k(&#92;mathfrak{p}) &#92;underset{R}{&#92;overset{L}{&#92;otimes}} X' class='latex' />, which in turn is Bousfield equivalent to <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdisplaystyle+%5Cbigoplus_%7B%5Cmathfrak%7Bp%7D+%5Cin+%5Ctext%7Bsupp%7D%5C%2CX%7D+k%28%5Cmathfrak%7Bp%7D%29&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;displaystyle &#92;bigoplus_{&#92;mathfrak{p} &#92;in &#92;text{supp}&#92;,X} k(&#92;mathfrak{p})' title='&#92;displaystyle &#92;bigoplus_{&#92;mathfrak{p} &#92;in &#92;text{supp}&#92;,X} k(&#92;mathfrak{p})' class='latex' />, where supp(<em>X</em>) is the set of primes <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cmathfrak%7Bp%7D&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;mathfrak{p}' title='&#92;mathfrak{p}' class='latex' /> for which <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=k%28%5Cmathfrak%7Bp%7D%29+%5Cunderset%7BR%7D%7B%5Coverset%7BL%7D%7B%5Cotimes%7D%7D+X+%5Cneq+0&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='k(&#92;mathfrak{p}) &#92;underset{R}{&#92;overset{L}{&#92;otimes}} X &#92;neq 0' title='k(&#92;mathfrak{p}) &#92;underset{R}{&#92;overset{L}{&#92;otimes}} X &#92;neq 0' class='latex' />.</p>
<p><strong>Question 3</strong>. What does the Bousfield lattice look like for non-noetherian rings?</p>
<p>This is likely to be quite complicated, but perhaps some examples could be understood.  Neeman has shown that the Bousfield lattice for the ring <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=k%5Bx_2%2C+x_3%2C+x_4%2C+...%5D+%2F+%28x_i%5Ei%29&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='k[x_2, x_3, x_4, ...] / (x_i^i)' title='k[x_2, x_3, x_4, ...] / (x_i^i)' class='latex' /> has cardinality at least <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=2%5E%7B2%5E%7B%5Caleph_0%7D%7D&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='2^{2^{&#92;aleph_0}}' title='2^{2^{&#92;aleph_0}}' class='latex' />.  Note that this ring has exactly one prime ideal, so the lattice of subsets of Spec has two elements, and so this is very different from the noetherian situation&#8230;</p>
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		<title>Intro</title>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 29 May 2007 23:18:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>John Palmieri</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[general]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[In a perfect world, this blog would be a vibrant discussion of the cohomology of the mod p Steenrod algebra A, . We&#8217;ll see what happens&#8230; By the way, I&#8217;m doing this on http://www.wordpress.com/ because it allows (crude) : see this page for instructions.<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=steenrod.wordpress.com&amp;blog=1170511&amp;post=4&amp;subd=steenrod&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In a perfect world, this blog would be a vibrant discussion of the cohomology of the mod <em>p</em> Steenrod algebra <em>A</em>, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cmathrm%7BExt%7D_A%5E%2A%28%5Cmathbf%7BF%7D_p%2C+%5Cmathbf%7BF%7D_p%29&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-2' alt='&#92;mathrm{Ext}_A^*(&#92;mathbf{F}_p, &#92;mathbf{F}_p)' title='&#92;mathrm{Ext}_A^*(&#92;mathbf{F}_p, &#92;mathbf{F}_p)' class='latex' />.  We&#8217;ll see what happens&#8230;</p>
<p>By the way, I&#8217;m doing this on <a href="http://www.wordpress.com/">http://www.wordpress.com/</a> because it allows (crude) <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CLaTeX&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=-1' alt='&#92;LaTeX' title='&#92;LaTeX' class='latex' />: see <a href="http://faq.wordpress.com/2007/02/18/can-i-put-math-or-equations-in-my-posts/" target="_blank">this page</a> for instructions.</p>
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